Update of neuropathology and neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury.

摘要: This review focuses on the potential for traumatic brain injury to evoke both focal and diffuse changes within parenchyma, while considering cellular constituents involved subcellular perturbations that contribute their dysfunction. New insight is provided pathobiology of traumatically induced cell body axonal damage. The consequences damage in terms subsequent deafferentation any retrograde death atrophy are addressed. regional global metabolic sequelae also considered. detailed presentation neuropathological used set stage better appreciating neurological recovery occurring after injury. Although pathological clinical effects usually intermingled, different manifestations patterns associated with versus injuries presented. recognizable recovery, involving unconsciousness, posttraumatic confusion/amnesia, postconfusional restoration, typically occur across full spectrum described, recognizing patient’s long-term may involve more idiosyncratic combinations highlights relationship lesions localizing syndromes be embedded evolving natural history pathology. It noted primarily pathology do not necessarily follow a comparable pattern distinct phases. Potential linkages these known various reparative mechanisms considered it proposed biological markers newer imaging technologies will define linkages. Key words: coma, injury, change, neuronal damage, amnesia,