Thermal behavior of covalently bonded phosphonate flame-retarded poly(methyl methacrylate) systems†
作者： D. Price , L. K. Cunliffe , K. J. Bullet , T. R. Hull , G. J. Milnes
DOI: 10.1002/PAT.1167
关键词:
摘要: Pyrolysis studies of reactively flame-retarded methyl methacrylate copolymers MMA/diethyl(acryloyloxymethyl)phosphonate (MMA/DEAMP) and MMA/diethyl(methacryloyloxymethyl)phosphonate (MMA/DEMMP) have been undertaken with a view to gaining information pertinent the mechanisms their flame-retardant behavior. The homopolymer without additive diethylethylphosphonate was also investigated for comparison purposes. Each system contained 3.5 wt% phosphorus. A range techniques, namely TG EGA, DSC, SEM, laser microfurnace pyrolysis mass spectrometry, isothermal pyrolysis-GC-MS, enabled study be carried out under conditions. In case system, evolved prior polymer decomposition. Little or no char residue remained at end Thus, acted almost completely in vapor phase. MMA/DEMMP MMA/DEAMP copolymers, substantial residues were formed 1.0 2.5 wt% phosphorus contents, respectively. This is evidence that predominantly condensed phase flame retardation occurs these systems. SEM showed chars from both flaky smooth surfaces. Both copolymer samples slower decomposition rates compared PMMA, being slowest. Decomposition occurred mainly via end-chain scission MMA DEMMP appearing concurrently, which would facilitate condensed-phase action. On other hand, MMA/DEAMP, some extent inhibited so random-chain occur. As result, acrylate than copolymer. former yields more contains higher percentage does greater consistent results our previous flammability copolymers. abilities two phosphonate are assessed reference equivalent phosphate Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
uclan.ac.uk
core.ac.uk
ulster.ac.uk
elsevier.com
sci-hub.se 参考文章(8)
Dennis Price, Kelly Pyrah, T.Richard Hull, G.John Milnes, John R. Ebdon, Barry J. Hunt, Paul Joseph, Christopher S. Konkel, Flame retarding poly(methyl methacrylate) with phosphorus-containing compounds: comparison of an additive with a reactive approach Polymer Degradation and Stability. ,vol. 74, pp. 441- 447 ,(2001) , 10.1016/S0141-3910(01)00184-7
D. Price, G.J. Milnes, C. Lukas, T.R. Hull, Applications of time-of-flight mass spectrometry to investigate fire-retardant systems International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes. ,vol. 60, pp. 225- 235 ,(1984) , 10.1016/0168-1176(84)80090-7
John R Ebdon, Dennis Price, Barry J Hunt, Paul Joseph, Fengge Gao, G.John Milnes, Laurie K Cunliffe, Flame retardance in some polystyrenes and poly(methyl methacrylate)s with covalently bound phosphorus-containing groups: initial screening experiments and some laser pyrolysis mechanistic studies Polymer Degradation and Stability. ,vol. 69, pp. 267- 277 ,(2000) , 10.1016/S0141-3910(00)00066-5
Dennis Price, Fengge Gao, G. John Milnes, B. Eling, C.I. Lindsay, P.T. McGrail, Laser pyrolysis/time-of-flight mass spectrometry studies pertinent to the behaviour of flame-retarded polymers in real fire situations Polymer Degradation and Stability. ,vol. 64, pp. 403- 410 ,(1999) , 10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00151-7
A. Gentilhomme, M. Cochez, M. Ferriol, N. Oget, J.L. Mieloszynski, Thermal degradation of methyl methacrylate polymers functionalized by phosphorus-containing molecules—II: initial flame retardance and mechanistic studies Polymer Degradation and Stability. ,vol. 82, pp. 347- 355 ,(2003) , 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00207-6
Dennis Price, L.K. Cunliffe, K.J. Bullett, T.R. Hull, G.J. Milnes, J.R. Ebdon, B.J. Hunt, P. Joseph, Thermal behaviour of covalently bonded phosphate and phosphonate flame retardant polystyrene systems Polymer Degradation and Stability. ,vol. 92, pp. 1101- 1114 ,(2007) , 10.1016/J.POLYMDEGRADSTAB.2007.02.003
A.A. Faroq, D. Price, G.J. Milnes, A.R. Horrocks, Use of gas chromatographic analysis of volatile products to investigate the mechanisms underlying the influence of flame retardants on the pyrolysis of cellulose in air Polymer Degradation and Stability. ,vol. 33, pp. 155- 170 ,(1991) , 10.1016/0141-3910(91)90015-J
Dennis Price, Kelly Pyrah, T.Richard Hull, G.John Milnes, John R Ebdon, Barry J Hunt, Paul Joseph, Flame retardance of poly(methyl methacrylate) modified with phosphorus-containing compounds Polymer Degradation and Stability. ,vol. 77, pp. 227- 233 ,(2002) , 10.1016/S0141-3910(02)00038-1