作者: Koen Berden
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摘要: textabstractIt is one of the most popular and debated topics in economic science: economic growth. Where do high or low growth rates come from how mechanisms that underlie work? Who gains who loses? Uncertainty has a negative impact on growth, directly through negatively affecting effectiveness R&D, indirectly reducing level openness country. The process R&D can continue indefinitely if an economy able to constantly reduce its coss by having access pool general knowledge is sufficiently large. Dynamic welfare effects oflowering trade restrictions are much more important larger for if it involves changing share new innovations goods are introduced. open small developing is, larger dynamic are. Obsolescence be introduced successfully horizontal endogenous model via incorporating maintenance costs. When teh size cost sector increases at expense production R&D sectors, drop.