Reproductive success and individual variation in feeding frequency of House Sparrows ( Passer domesticus )

摘要: Parental care is assumed to be closely associated with individual differences in reproductive success. We investigated how feeding frequencies varied among parents and this affected the subsequent success insular populations of House Sparrows Passer domesticus northern Norway. Female fed their offspring more than male did, rates were positively related partner. A positive relationship between bill depth was present females. In males, negatively total badge size visible size, after effect other variables had been taken into account. non-linear convex frequency hatch day which could reflect either seasonal change weather conditions or variation food availability. For both sexes, increased increasing brood but at same time average rate per nestling decreased sizes. Finally, our results indicate that amount parental investment, measured as during stage, may have a long-term influence on number fledglings recruit well probability survive until recruitment.