Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans.

摘要: Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) may cause severe emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, which pose a significant threat to human animal health in the world today. These diseases range from mild febrile illnesses, arthritis, encephalitis haemorrhagic fevers. It is postulated that certain environmental factors, vector competence, host susceptibility have major impact on ecology of arboviral diseases. Presently, there great interest emergence Alphaviruses because these viruses, including Chikungunya virus, O'nyong'nyong Sindbis Ross River Mayaro caused outbreaks Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, America. Some are more common tropics, whereas others also found temperate regions, but actual factors driving Alphavirus re-emergence remain unresolved. Furthermore, little known about transmission dynamics, pathophysiology, genetic diversity, evolution circulating viral strains. In addition, clinical presentation be similar other such as dengue, malaria, typhoid, hence leading misdiagnosis. However, typical presence arthritis distinguish between differential diagnoses. The absence validated diagnostic kits for makes even routine surveillance less feasible. For purpose, this review describes occurrence, characteristics, mechanisms involving causing humans. This information serve basis better awareness detection Alphavirus-caused during establishing appropriate prevention control measures.