Assessing the effects of natural and anthropogenic drivers on the demography of Himatanthus drasticus (Apocynaceae): Implications for sustainable management

摘要: Abstract The extent of the impacts non-timber forest product harvesting on plant population dynamics is influenced by both natural and anthropogenic drivers. However, environmental vital rates simultaneous effects disturbances exploited populations have been poorly studied. We assessed Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel, a Brazilian savanna tree that has for its medicinal latex. studied in cerrado (open savanna) cerradao (woodland), three years (2008–2010). In each habitat, we surveyed subjected to different intensities (high-harvest low-harvest). diameter at ground level (DGL), height reproductive status were recorded tagged plant. used matrix models factorial life-table response experiment (LTRE) distinguish between intensity habitat type H. dynamics. factor combinations revealed stability most cases. observed reduction under only one condition (cerradao × high-harvest) two demographic intervals. LTRE values interaction cerradao × high-harvesting higher than treatment isolated, suggesting an interactive effect growth rates. sum, our data showed potentially sustainable; however, vulnerable when high levels exploitation considered, indicating management criteria specific are needed achieve sustainable goals. recommend traditional system, characterized removal small amounts bark from longer intervals harvestings, as option these areas.