Raw Water Quality and Pretreatment in Managed Aquifer Recharge for Drinking Water Production in Finland

摘要: The main objective of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) in Finland is the removal natural organic matter (NOM) from surface waters. A typical MAR procedure consists infiltration water into a Quaternary glaciofluvial esker with subsequent withdrawal treated wells few hundred meters downstream. infiltrated should have residence time at least approximately one month before to provide sufficient for subsurface processes needed break down or remove humic substances. Most Finnish plants do not pretreatment and raw directly soil. objectives this paper are present experiences discuss need choice pretreatment. Data basin, sprinkling, well presented. Total carbon (TOC) concentrations waters presented here varied 6.5 11 mg/L after TOC abstracted were 2 mg/L. overall reduction treatment (with without pretreatment) was 70%-85%. Mechanical can be used clogging prevention. Turbidity lakes as does necessitate basin sprinkling infiltration, however, needs judged separately. River may high turbidity requiring Biodegradation NOM saturated groundwater zone consumes dissolved oxygen. Thus, concentration create conditions dissolution iron manganese These avoided by addition chemical Raw content up 8 any considerations pretreatment, which evaluated based on local conditions.