Quantum transport theory of electrons in solids: A single-particle approach

摘要: The electronic transport theory of semiconductors is not, from a first-principles point view, as well understood that metals, where the degeneracy Fermi system leads to simplified but comprehensive theory. In case semiconductors, usually plays no simplifying role at all. However, in many problems current interest one effectively dealing with equivalent single particle interacting an environment, e.g., heat bath or random potential. view this, author presents simple formalism for quantum dynamics continuous degree freedom. quantum-statistical description terms density matrix, and Feynman rules standard treatment matrix are presented illustrated by applications interest. It shown such effect as, example, intracollisional field effect, which past has been dealt using complicated formalisms, present described elementary way. single-particle approach conveniently displays interference aspect quantum-mechanical transport, discussed weak localization disordered conductors. real-space representation stressed, appropriate proper discussion mesoscopic physics. treats connection between linear-response Landauer expressing conductance scattering properties sample. He also discusses fluctuations samples.