Ultraviolet sunscreen compounds in epiphytic red algae from mangroves

摘要: Epiphytic red algae of the order Ceramiales from mangroves and salt marshes (nine species Bostrychia, three Stictosiphonia four Caloglossa) produce varying levels UV-absorbing compounds mycosporine-glycine, shinorine, porphyra-334, palythine, asterina-330 palythinol, a suite substances chemically assigned as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). Mean MAA varied 0.02 to 12.8 mg g−1 DW in field-collected laboratory cultured specimens. While field samples Bostrychia montagneiHarvey, radicans (Montagne) Montagne Caloglossa apomeiotica J.West et G.Zuccarello concentrations were generally higher compared plants same taxa, tenella(Lamouroux) J.Agardh did not show such difference. Catenella caespitosa (Withering) L.Irvine, impudica nipae Zanardini (Gigartinales, Caulacanthaceae) two novel compounds: MAA-1 (1.4–4.3 g −1 DW) MAA-2 (0.1–1.0 DW), which absorb at 334 nm 320 nm, respectively. In culture moritziana when photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was increased 20 40 μmol photons m−2 s−1, total level palythinol by 85% (from 2.0 3.7 DW). leprieurii PAR 80 s−1the porphyra-334 content 77% 3.1 5.5 Extremely high contents >30 detected mature tetrasporangial sori prepared isolates laboratory-cultured reproductive vegetative (about 10 MAAs indicating tetraspores loaded up with UV-sunscreens. All data demonstrate that mangrove contain concentrations, particularly structures, hence these may act biochemical photoprotectants against exposure UV-radiation.