Pseudoperonospora humuli might be an introduced species in Central Europe with low genetic diversity but high distribution potential

摘要: The downy mildew pathogen Pseudoperonospora humuli is a major disease of cultivated and wild hop (Humulus lupulus) in many hop-growing areas the world. Despite its frequent occurence economic impact, so far very little known with respect to population structure, which would be prerequisite for understanding dynamics successful resistance breeding efforts. We collected set 70 P. samples five European countries (Austria, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy) around Alps, high mountain range hurdle dispersal, examined them microsatellite markers. For this purpose we developed new markers used along published by other authors. While 11 microsatellites that were reported as polymorphic North America did not show variation samples, newly established study variable could investigate structure Europe. overall genetic found populations was low, only few heterozygous loci detected. Overall, 20 multilocus genotypes observed, clustered into 2 or 4 groups, depending on clustering criteria. observed random distribution surveyed area line predominant selfing long dispersal. Thus, our investigations suggest forms large, potentially panmictic local adaptation long-distance exchanges. This suggests wide array strains should any programs. In addition, low degree Europe contrast that, report late 1930‘s, might an introduced species Whether introduction occurred from or East Asia needs clarified future studies.