Behavioral and Developmental Responses of Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to Larvae of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Inoculated With Various Concentrations of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Bacillales: Bacillacae).

摘要: Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. kurstaki (Btk) and Habrobracon hebetor Say are both biological control agents of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner. The present study evaluated their compatibility for combined application against this pest by examining the acceptability Btk-inoculated hosts H. females testing negative life-history impacts on developing progeny. Second-instar larvae fed 72 h potted chickpea plants treated with three concentrations Btk (LC15, LC35, LC70) were then used in bioassays parasitoid development parasitism behavior. Survival parasitoids was significantly reduced, immature prolonged, LC35 LC70  Btk, but not LC15  Btk. Parasitoids failed to discriminate or  Btk choice tests, attacked fewer paralyzing parasitizing more healthy hosts, laying eggs them. In contrast, a no-choice test revealed that paralyzed compared LC15-treated numbers parasitized laid did vary among treatments. Thus, required an experience as they had test, diseased ones. We conclude compatible joint armigera, which could potentially improve pest.