Chronic kidney disease in the general population

摘要: End-stage kidney disease (ESKD), defined as the need for dialysis, receipt of a transplant, or death from chronic failure, generally affects fewer than 1% population. However ESKD is end result (CKD), widely prevalent but often silent condition with elevated risks cardiovascular morbidity and mortality range metabolic complications. A recently devised classification CKD has facilitated prevalence estimates that reveal an "iceberg" in community, which dialysis transplant patients are tip. Hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, currently among World Health Organization's (WHO's) top 10 global health risks, strongly associated CKD. The factors, together increasing diabetes aging population, will significant increases patients. Treatments now available effectively reduce rate progression extent comorbid conditions challenges (1) to intervene excess burden CKD, (2) identify those at greatest risk prevent early (3) ultimately introduce cost-effective primary prevention overall vast majority be developing countries, policy responses must both practical sustainable these settings.