Institutions for Adaptation to Climate Change: Comparing National Adaptation Strategies in Europe

摘要: In addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, societies worldwide have cope with the potential impacts of climate change. The central question this paper is what extent our historically grown institutions enable actors new challenges adaptation. We present six qualities governance that are crucial allow for, and encourage adaptation, apply them National Adaptation Strategies Netherlands, United Kingdom, Finland Sweden. conclude although involved seem basic required, they face five institutional weaknesses, causing tensions on long term: (1) lack openness towards learning variety; (2) strong one-sided reliance scientific experts; (3) tension between top-down policy development bottom-up implementation; (4) distrust in problem-solving capacity civil society; (5) wickedness reserving funding for long-term action.