Poled sol-gel materials with heterocycle push-pull chromophores that confer enhanced second-order optical nonlinearity

摘要: Hybrid organic-inorganic materials doped with zwitterionic push-pull chromophores high hyperpolarizability have been synthesized by a sol-gel procedure. A large chromophore concentration was reached using N -(hydroxyethyl)carbazole as physical spacer (preventing the dye aggregation). Spin-coated films were electrically poled and second harmonic generation measurements performed in situ . During thermally assisted poling under 2 atmosphere, only carbazole molecules degraded. Second-harmonic gave an estimation of nonlinear coefficient, r 33 , 38 pm V -1 at 1064 nm.