Environmental Conditions during Breeding Modify the Strength of Mass-Dependent Carry-Over Effects in a Migratory Bird

摘要: In many animals, processes occurring in one season carry over to influence reproductive success and survival future seasons. The strength of such carry-over effects is unlikely be uniform across years, yet our understanding the that are capable modifying their remains limited. Here we show female light-bellied Brent geese with higher body mass prior spring migration successfully reared more offspring during breeding, but only years where environmental conditions breeding were favourable. bad weather all birds suffered reduced output irrespective pre-migration mass. Our results suggest magnitude benefits gained by maximising stores fuel fluctuates markedly among concert season, as does degree which driving variance individuals. Therefore while have considerable power drive fitness asymmetries individuals, ability interpret these terms implications for population dynamics dependent on knowledge determinants subsequent