Testing the effectiveness of surrogates for assessing biological diversity of arthropods in cereal agricultural landscapes

摘要: Abstract Agricultural intensification is altering biodiversity patterns worldwide. Rapid and effective methods are needed to monitor these changes in farmland biodiversity, but it becomes both a cost- time-prohibitive task, particularly for hyper-diverse groups such as arthropods. We evaluated the effectiveness of surrogates irrigated rainfed wheat fields Mediterranean NW Spain order get rapid tool assess arthropod biodiversity. studied six with different ecological needs (i.e. Aphididae, Aphidiinae, Coccinellidae, Formicidae, Heteroptera Syrphidae) at species level (147 species), genus (105), family (10, only Heteroptera) (19) level. Higher taxa, cross-taxa subset-taxa or total richness approaches were tested well correlation composition between levels selected groups, influence farming regime. Genus was good surrogate all ( R 2  = 0.38–0.60), like  = 0.37 0.29, respectively). Cross-taxa analyses showed that Aphididae Aphidiinae genera  = 0.19 0.30, respectively)  = 0.20 0.28, respectively. Coccinellidae  = 0.26)  = 0.25) species. Finally,  = 0.14 0.20,  = 0.12–0.22, groups. Genera best within each group. Farming regime had no on relationships most cases. Our results suggest useful appropriate Heteroptera. provided saving 15% identification time 80% Coccinellidae. This proves its usefulness asses croplands possibility reduce costs.