Radiotracers for Molecular Imaging of Breast Cancer

摘要: Breast cancer is the most prevailing malignancy among women in world. 207,090 new cases of invasive breast cancer, along with 54,010 non-invasive types are expected to be diagnosed United States 2010. Moreover, about 39,840 projected die from this disease U.S According National Cancer Institute, 5-year survival rate ranges 23.4% patients stage IV 98% I, highlighting importance early detection and diagnosis disease(American Society, 2010). Molecular imaging does not only serve as an essential tool staging, but also provides significant amount information for surgical management, radiation planning, chemotherapeutic assessment, follow-up evaluation patients. Currently, positron emission tomography (PET), single photon computed (SPECT), their combinations CT, major functional molecular modalities used clinic. Both PET SPECT based on radiolabeled ligands, termed “radiotracers”, which assumed target tumor-specific characteristics at levels. The accumulating understanding biology has highlighted pivotal factors that critical progression, allows researchers select suitable targets developing tumorspecific radiotracers. For instance, given sustained tumor growth demands elevated glucose consumption energy production lesion regions, radiotracer 18Flabeled analog 18F-FDG commonly been visualize metabolism cells(Buerkle & Weber, 2008). And yet, 18F-Fluoroestradiol image estrogen receptor, highly overexpressed a large proportion tissues(Jonson Welch, 1998). Many other radiotracers have designed cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis hypoxia tumors. Since treatment become more individualized compliance distinct biological tumors each patient, target-specific may play key role guide selection evaluate response stages. This chapter firstly focused two modalities, SPECT, principles, limitations, well typical radionuclides applied those