作者: M. Hasenbusch , P. Provero , M. Caselle
DOI: 10.1016/S0920-5632(00)91785-7
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摘要: Abstract We study the spectrum of massive excitations three-dimensional / gf 4 and Ising models, in broken-symmetry phase. Using a variational method, we show that contains all 0 + states one expects from duality with glueball ZZ 2 gauge model. From point view continuum theory, at least find has non-perturbative origin.