Climatic limits for the present European distribution of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), with special reference to Ukraine

摘要: In this study, we used a ecological niche modeling approach to detect the importance of diverse climatic parameters in controlling distribution forest tree species, exemplified by common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), with special reference Ukraine from where digitized data on species has been scarce. populations are found edge its home range and exposed extreme climate conditions. The main objectives present study were model European-wide investigate primary factors that control potential Ukraine. Using an approach, consider having reliably modeled bioclimatic for predicting response geographical climate. Most contributing was mean monthly PET (potential evapotranspiration) coldest quarter, continentality annual PET. terms Limiting Factor, is crucial throughout majority country.