Future-event schemas: Automaticity and rumination in major depression.

摘要: We examined the proposition that individuals with major depression make predictions about future events relatively automatically and pessimistically, reflecting use of a future-event schema, while they also ruminate future. Depressed participants nondepressed controls indicated whether or not various positive negative would happen to them an average other—either under concurrent attentional load no such load—while their response latencies were assessed. As hypothesized, depressives showed greater automaticity in than did nondepressives, lack optimism as well. More specifically, smaller increase latency due introduction suggesting processing efficiency, predicted reliably fewer events. Indeed, reported ruminating more based on recent distressing life event. Overall, results extend research schemas (Andersen, Spielman, & Bargh, 1992) from moderate establish link rumination.