Study of the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11

摘要: Our previous analyses of radio Doppler and ranging data from distant spacecraft in the solar system indicated that an apparent anomalous acceleration is acting on Pioneer 10 11, with a magnitude ${a}_{P}\ensuremath{\sim}8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8} {\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{s}}^{2},$ directed towards Sun. Much effort has been expended looking for possible systematic origins residuals, but none found. A detailed investigation effects both external to internal spacecraft, as well those due modeling computational techniques, provided. We also discuss methods, theoretical models, experimental techniques used detect study small forces interplanetary spacecraft. These include methods collection, editing, reduction. There now further orbit determination. The extended set spans 3 January 1987 22 July 1998. (For 11 shorter span goes 5 time loss coherent 1 October 1990.) With these sets more studies all systematics, we give result ${a}_{P}=(8.74\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.33)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ ${\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{s}}^{2}.$ (Annual-diurnal variations top ${a}_{P},$ leave ${a}_{P}$ unchanged, are reported discussed.)