Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy predicts drug use via externalizing behavior in two community-based samples of adolescents

摘要: Author(s): Lotfipour, Shahrdad; Ferguson, Eamonn; Leonard, Gabriel; Miettunen, Jouko; Perron, Michel; Pike, G Bruce; Richer, Louis; Seguin, Jean R; Veillette, Suzanne; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Moilanen, Irma; Maki, Pirjo; Nordstrom, Tanja; Pausova, Zdenka; Veijola, Juha; Paus, Tomas | Abstract: Background and aimsPrenatal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking (PEMCS) is associated with a higher probability of substance use in adolescence. We explore if externalizing behavior mediates this relationship, while controlling for number potential covariates mediation process.MethodsWe used data obtained two geographically distinct community samples adolescents. The first (cross-sectional) sample consisted 996 adolescents (12-18 years age) recruited from the Saguenay Youth Study (SYS) Canada (47% PEMCS). second (longitudinal) 1141 (49% PEMCS) Northern Finland Birth Cohort (NFBC1986). In both samples, were assessed during NFBC1986 cohort, was also childhood.ResultsIn populations, PEMCS likelihood adolescent drug experimentation. exposed (versus non-exposed) experiment an extra 1.27 [B = 0.24, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.15, 0.33 P l 0.001] drugs. SYS clear protective effect not being shown: non-exposed exposed) are 1.5 times -0.42, CI -0.75, -0.09, 0.013] less likely take These associations between experimentation remain multivariate mediational analyses.ConclusionsPrenatal appears be experimenting drugs adolescence, directly indirectly via peers reported as using