Metalloproteins in the Biology of Heterocysts.

摘要: Cyanobacteria are photoautotrophic microorganisms present in almost all ecologically niches on Earth. They exist as single-cell or filamentous forms and the latter often contain specialized cells for N2 fixation known heterocysts. Heterocysts arise from photosynthetic active vegetative by multiple morphological physiological rearrangements including absence of O2 evolution CO2 fixation. The key function this cell type is carried out metalloprotein complex nitrogenase. Additionally, many other important processes heterocysts also depend metalloproteins. This leads to a high metal demand exceeding one bacteria content concentration during heterocyst development mature review provides an overview current knowledge transition metals metalloproteins required heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria. It discusses molecular, physiological, physicochemical properties involved fixation, H2 metabolism, electron transport chains, oxidative stress management, storage, energy metabolic networks diazotrophic filament. detailed comprehensive picture demands Fe, Cu, Mo, Ni, Mn, V, Zn cofactors highlights importance such biology cyanobacterial