Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation

摘要: It is widely recognized that spiral grain in trees severely reduces the value of sawn timber through warping and loss strength, it also causes problems for other wood uses as diverse transmission poles or plywood. Yet, paradoxically, there are highly valued patterns including wavy interlocked grain, whose origins cambium invite direct comparison with those so many authorities believe them to be related phenomena. In recent years this concept has prompted extensive research into anatomy, genetics, physiology all such wood. As a result become apparent tree cambia provide excellent systems which study stem polarity complex processes morphogenetic control plants. Beside these pressing topics research, book examines methods measuring deviations, considers their influence on properties, economics production, manufacturing.