Techniques of fast MR imaging for studying the cardiovascular system

摘要: The use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in cardiovascular applications has developed with the introduction new techniques for control artifacts caused by movement and flow. Indeed, until last decade, acquisition cardiac MR images was suboptimal because problems compensation respiratory movement; nowadays, instead, excellent can be acquired simply having patient hold its breath. Alternatively, even free breathing relying on so-called navigator technique. There are a number available, choice spanning from Gradient Echo (GRE) synchronized ECG, or more sophisticated segmented breath-hold that produce quality short time (seconds) practically void if is collaborative. advanced MRI machines today also reflect great developments hardware: very quick gradient activation disactivation times (slewrates), high sensitivity radiofrequency coils, amplitude allow numerous clinical evaluations setting. An exam makes it possible to evaluate morphology heart, perfusion, myocardial viability, flows coronary anatomy. This chapter will briefly illustrate basic concepts fast image formation [1, 2], which those applied images.