From Deliberation to Production: Public Participation in Science and Technology Policies of the European Commission (1998–2019)

摘要: This article investigates how a discourse about the role and value of public participation in science, technology, innovation emerged evolved research policies European Commission. At beginning twenty-first century, two main discourses have been successively institutionalized: first focused on policy-making, while second aimed at production knowledge innovation. paper distinguishes three institutional phases: (i) phase dedicated to governance science technology (2000–2010); (ii) reframing period by Commission integrate growing emphasis (2010–2014); (iii) focusing co-creation citizen as new ways involve (2014-today). Factors such individual commitments key policy actors, specific epistemic communities dynamics within played crucial shaping participation. But broader factors are also essential account for these changes. In this respect, economic crisis late 2000s appears fundamental understanding conception promotion over time. thus offers insights analysis political economy