Melanocortin pathways: suppressed and stimulated melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R).

摘要: Leptin-melanocortin pathway plays an essential role in the body weight regulation. Enhanced melanocortin signaling hypothalamus results both decreased food intake and increased energy expenditure. The discovery of monogenic obesities with dysfunction melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) greatly contributed to understanding balance This review presents phenotypical characterization prevalence MC4R gene mutations. Genome-wide association studies revealed that is significantly related not only but also common obesity. An interaction variants fat mass obesity associated (FTO) increases risk for obesity, particularly adolescence. On other hand, about 15 % result a gain function protects against favorable metabolic profile. Long-term attempts activate have recently been finalized by setmelanotide, novel specific agonist devoid untoward cardiovascular side-effects. employment agonists may open new horizons treatment rare some where stimulation could be achieved.