Genome Diversity and Evolution in the Budding Yeasts (Saccharomycotina).

摘要: Considerable progress in our understanding of yeast genomes and their evolution has been made over the last decade with sequencing, analysis, comparisons numerous species, strains, or isolates diverse origins. The role played by yeasts natural environments as well artificial manufactures, combined importance some species model experimental systems sustained this effort. At same time, enormous evolutionary diversity (there are every subphylum Dikarya) sparked curiosity but necessitated further efforts to obtain appropriate reference genomes. Today, have very informative about basic mechanisms evolution, speciation, hybridization, domestication, molecular machineries underlying them. They also irreplaceable investigate detail complex relationship between genotypes phenotypes both theoretical practical implications. This review examines these questions at two distinct levels offered broad range yeasts: inside best-studied Saccharomyces complex, across entire diversified Saccharomycotina. While obviously revealing histories different scales, data converge a remarkably coherent picture which one can estimate relative intrinsic genome dynamics, including gene birth loss, vs. horizontal genetic accidents making populations. facility novel now be studied, already available genomes, offer privileged perspectives examine fundamental biological using eukaryotic models fungi importance.