Novel Education and Simulation Tools in Urologic Training.

摘要: Postgraduate medical training has evolved considerably from an emphasis on hands-on, autonomous learning to a paradigm where simulation technologies are used introduce and augment certain skill sets. This review is intended provide update surgical simulators tools for urological trainee education. We overview of platforms robotics, endoscopy, laparoscopic practice training. In general, these face, content, construct validity. Various educational evaluation have been adopted. Simulation developed technical non-technical skills, bootcamps, feedback. While trainees find the opportunity their skills beneficial, there may be difficulty with access due cost availability. Additionally, need more objective metrics demonstrating improvement in or patient outcome.