The Use of Vocal Communication in Keeping the Spatial Cohesion of Groups: Intentionality and Specific Functions

摘要: In group-living species, especially ones occupying low visibility habitats or in which group members tend to spread over large distances, there must be some signaling mechanism(s) ensure that the ultimately remains as a spatially cohesive unit. The very nature of problem precludes use tactile and visual communication, while slower rate diffusion chemicals air water makes impractical chemical communication. Thus, acoustic channel is expected mode choice. Primates have been particularly well studied respect – besides being an intensively order, they are par excellence mammalian taxon exemplifies diurnal living poor (forest) habitats. Vocalizations with contact role found almost all species (see, for example, Mitani Nishida 1993; Rendall et al. 2000; Uster Zuberbuhler 2001; Oda 2002; Mendes Ades 2004; Range Fischer 2004). However, conceptual nomenclatural standardization has norm vocalization studies, calls variety names proposed perform wide range functions, traceable “contact” “cohesion” (see Table 13.1 non-exhaustive review Neotropical primates’ studies). These include: maintain at close (visual) (Epple 1968; Pook 1977); intermediate ranges and/or situations likely lead separation (traveling/foraging) (Byrne 1981; Harcourt 1993); distance/regain (Daschbach Palombit 1992; Halloy Kleiman 1994); coordinate initiate direct travel (Boinski 1991; Boinski monitor position others (Caine Stevens 1990); attract particular (Dittus 1988; 1993).