Wildland firefighter safety zones: A review of past science and summary of future needs

摘要: Current wildland firefighter safety zone guidelines are based on studies that assume flat terrain, radiant heating, finite flame width, constant temperature and high emissivity. Firefighter entrapments injuries occur across a broad range of vegetation, terrain atmospheric conditions generally when they within two heights the fire. Injury is not confined to heating or terrain; consequently, convective should be considered as potential mode. understanding energy transport in fires briefly summarised, followed by an analysis burn injury mechanisms context fire zones. Safety theoretical experimental reviewed selection examined safe separation distances from fires. Recommendations made for future needed more fully understand define