Anesthesia and perioperative medicine in orthopedic surgery

摘要: Ay anesthesia for orthopedic surgery is challenging anesthesiologist from the patient's perspective, type of as well position during surgery. Patients may be old with numerous comorbidities but also young, healthy trauma patients who have associated injuries that can a significant impact on anesthesia. Therefore, it imperative in examine entire patient and not just focus area surgery, to make an adequate preoperative assessment preparation. In preparation cardiological, pulmological neurological evaluation most often needed, nasal screening decolonization, skin preparation, glycemic control use antibiotic prophylaxis. undergoing major are at highest risk venous thromboembolism both after so timing thromboprophylaxis its continuation exceptional importance. For optimal there several published guidelines clear recommendations daily clinical practice. Understanding course provide working conditions minimal blood loss complications. Reduction bleeding, intraoperatively postoperatively been achieved by normovolemic hypotension, tourniquet, topical or systemic application tranexamic acid.As high postoperative requirements analgesia within multimodal approach, besides peripheral nerve blocks, periarticular injection local anesthetics increasingly used everyday work. Knowing specificity selection intraoperative plan order reduce bleeding requires adapting each individually.