Effects of Manure Management on Phosphorus Biotransformations and Losses During Animal Production

摘要: Regional intensification of animal production has drastically changed the natural landscape and ecological balance on millions hectares agricultural lands. Animal manure, which is a substantial source environmental phosphorus (P), accumulated now often exceeds nutrient utilization capacity plant sector within watersheds with high density livestock feeding operations. How manure handled, collected, stored, disposed determines dominant types transformations bioavailability various P forms excreted in (given species its diet). Livestock poultry utilize feed inefficiently, unavoidable excretion occurs even at recommended levels. increases over above that level, proportion to rise dietary intake. Although use phosphohydrolases improves digestibility recovery organic forms, practice also water-extractable feces. The latter phenomenon may appear advantageous during reuse as biofertilizer crop production, but levels water-soluble present undue risk dispersal contamination environment. Linkages between system characteristics manures were examined gain an improved understanding management-induced farm. Co-transformations C N influence turnover accumulation stored amended soils. Mineralization spite elevated initial A wide C:P molar ratio enhances mineralization, given need manure-borne organisms assimilate substrates obtain metabolic energy. losses from systems occur primarily via transport rainwater or snowmelt, water percolating through soil. identification likely loss pathways grazinglands, facilities, storage structures, treated fields contributes development comprehensive mitigation strategies ultimately reduce footprint agriculture.