Effects of Root Herbivory by Nematodes on the Performance and Preference of a Leaf-Infesting Generalist Aphid Depend on Nitrate Fertilization

摘要: The performance and behavior of herbivores is strongly affected by the quality their host plants, which determined various environmental conditions. We investigated preference polyphagous shoot-infesting aphid Myzus persicae on host-plant Arabidopsis thaliana in a two-factorial design nitrate fertilization was varied 33 %, root-infesting cyst-nematode Heterodera schachtii present or absent. Aphid influenced these abiotic biotic factors an interactive way. Nematode presence decreased when levels were low, whereas nematode infestation did not influence under higher fertilization. Aphids followed “mother knows best” principle given choice, settling preferentially those plants they performed best. Hence, preferred nematode-free over nematode-infested low treatment but choice nematodes amino acid composition phloem exudates significantly also interaction two treatments. Various glucosinolates leaves, provide estimate glucosinolates, individual treatments combination herbivory. These changes primary secondary metabolites may be decisive for herbivore responses. Our data demonstrate that can interactively affect herbivores, adding layer complexity to plant-mediated interactions.