Impact of Next-Generation Synchrotron Radiation Sources on Materials Research

摘要: Abstract Three generations of synchrotron radiation sources have revolutionized our understanding various correlations in the equilibrium phase materials through X-ray imaging, spectroscopy and scattering techniques. It is anticipated that new based on energy-recovery linacs free-electron lasers will deliver pulses are below a few-hundred femtoseconds length very high coherence. These extend broaden current knowledge science. But more importantly, it expected these provide first glimpse nonequilibrium processes materials, including nonthermal melting, metal–insulator transitions involving phases, laser-induced catalytic oxidation, determining structure imperfect nanoparticles lacking crystalline structure.