Developmental pharmacology and toxicology of anti-HIV therapeutic agents: dideoxynucleosides.

摘要: As the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has increased in women over past decade, need for safe, effective therapy during pregnancy concomitantly. Although dideoxynucleosides such as 3'-deoxy-3'-azidothymidine (AZT), 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI), 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC), and 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine have been approved use general population, administration, efficacy, toxicity these compounds development are now being investigated. Initial studies suggest that maternal AZT is well tolerated by both mother child provides a promising degree protection from vertical HIV transmission to infant. In vitro animal models greatly our understanding distribution resulting fetal dideoxynucleoside exposure. AZT, ddI, ddC rapidly cross placenta simple diffusion but with different rates transfer. vivo data confirm ...