Entomopathogenic efficacy of the endophytic fungi: Clonostachys sp. and Beauveria bassiana on Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) larvae under laboratory and greenhouse conditions

摘要: Endophytic fungi are excellent sources of new natural bioactive products with potential for exploitation in medical, agricultural, and industrial fields. Beneficial effects endophytes not only limited to promoting plant growth, but also react as protection agents against phytopathogenic microorganisms pests. The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one the main pests South America Mediterranean basin. In present work, effectiveness two endophytic Clonostachys spp. Beauveria bassiana were tested T. absoluta larvae. Evaluation larvicidal effect laboratory by spraying 3 concentrations (D1 = 4 × 107 spores/ml, D2 106 spores/ml D3 105 spores/ml) fungal suspensions showed remarkable efficacy, which varied depending on strain, concentration application time exposure. Statistical analysis highly significant results larval mortality rates both than control. After 15 days, dead larvae mummified. Applications isolates greenhouse experiments confirmed their marked biological control efficacy synthetic insecticide (Emamectin benzoat). Number mined leaves decreased contact spores. Results suggest that B. very effective entomopathogenic absoluta. Indeed, study revealed pathogenicity first time.