Present status and future directions in endodontic microbiology

摘要: Apical periodontitis and its different manifestations are caused primarily by bacterial infection of the root canal system. Bacteria usually organized in biofilm communities can colonize not only main but also spread to other areas In these regions, bacteria more difficult reach eliminate during treatment. The knowledge endodontic infections has substantially increased over past 4 decades, including species involved forms disease, their virulence factors, interactions, ecology, organization spatial distribution system, patterns antimicrobial resistance, so on. However, there is a need for all this information be translated into improvements clinical practice treatment outcomes. This article reviews present status microbiology, discusses perspectives future research directions, emphasizes call action field applied microbiology.