Field Study of Enhanced TCE Reductive Dechlorination by a Full‐Scale Whey PRB

摘要: This study evaluates the efficiency of a full-scale, 81 m-wide permeable reactive barrier (PRB) configured by injection dairy whey in downgradient region contaminant source zone to enhance situ biodegradation high concentrations (102 103μg/L) chlorinated ethenes (CEs). Ten biannual injections were completed 3.5-year pilot phase and 1.5-year operational phase. Improved sustained dechlorination was observed at extraction/injection wells fully-operational phase, when dried masses increased from 13.6 kg 230–360 kg, slurry volumes 2300 L 307,000–480,000 L, well loops employed for application whey. At wells, CEs decreased low (≤10 μg/L) or undetectable levels. average trichloroethene decreased, as much 100% (from ≤384.2 during ≤102.6 μg/L phase), while cis-dichloroethene 57.5% ≤6466.1 ≤4912.2 μg/L). Downgradient vinyl chloride averages either 63.8% ≤859.6 ≤1407.9 64.0% 1375.4 880 ethene + ethane 73.2% ≤1145.3 ≤1347.1 On basis 2008 market price, estimated material cost is $1.96/kg organic carbon or, configuration an m PRB 300 whey, $325/year. Carbon substrate comparisons implications efficient treatment design are discussed.