Bitumen as a hafting material on Middle Palaeolithic artefacts
作者： Eric Boëda , Jacques Connan , Daniel Dessort , Sultan Muhesen , Norbert Mercier
DOI: 10.1038/380336A0
关键词:
摘要: A SCRAPER and a Levallois flake, discovered in the Mousterian levels (dated around 40,000 BC) of Umm el Tlel site Syria, were submitted to an organic geochemieal study identify black substance occurring on their surface. The shape this suggests that traces are remnants hafting material used by Middle Palaeolithic people glue handles onto tools. Gas chromatography–mass spectro-metry (GC–MS) analyses both C15+ alkanes aromatics confirm is highly weathered bitumen, source which remains unknown. According some diagnostic molecular information (for example, occurrence fluoranthene pyrene), it seems raw bitumen has been subjected extreme temperature. scraper flake described here are, best our knowledge, first reported examples artefacts hutted with handles.
harvard.edu
nature.com
archives-ouvertes.fr
sci-hub.se 参考文章(8)
P. Schaeffer, P. Adam, J.-M. Trendel, P. Albrecht, J. Connan, A novel series of benzohopanes widespread in sediments Organic Geochemistry. ,vol. 23, pp. 87- 89 ,(1995) , 10.1016/0146-6380(94)00128-N
Hisao Mabuchi, Edward V. Sayre, Pamela B. Vandiver, James Druzik, Christopher Stevenson, Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology Studies in Conservation. ,vol. 36, pp. 122- ,(1991) , 10.2307/1506337
Roger E. Summons, Linda L. Jahnke, Identification of the methylhopanes in sediments and petroleum. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. ,vol. 54, pp. 247- 251 ,(1990) , 10.1016/0016-7037(90)90212-4
Umberto Colombo, Advances in Organic Geochemistry Soil Science. ,vol. 98, pp. 142- ,(1964) , 10.1097/00010694-196408000-00011
Norbert Mercier, Hélène Valladas, Georges Valladas, Flint thermoluminescence dates from the CFR laboratory at Gif: Contributions to the study of the chronology of the middle palaeolithic Quaternary Science Reviews. ,vol. 14, pp. 351- 364 ,(1995) , 10.1016/0277-3791(95)00029-1
Didier Binder, Guy Bourgeois, Françoise Benoist, Christiane Vitry, Identification de brai de bouleau (Betula) dans le Néolithique de Giribaldi (Nice, France) par la spectrométrie de masse ArchéoSciences, revue d'Archéométrie. ,vol. 14, pp. 37- 42 ,(1990) , 10.3406/ARSCI.1990.881
Robert P. Eganhouse, Long-chain alkylbenzenes: their analytical chemistry, environmental occurrence and fate. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. ,vol. 26, pp. 241- 263 ,(1986) , 10.1080/03067318608077118
Maurice Arnold, Edouard Bard, Pierre Maurice, Jean Claude Duplessy, 14C dating with the Gif-sur-Yvette Tandetron accelerator: Status report Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms. ,vol. 29, pp. 120- 123 ,(1987) , 10.1016/0168-583X(87)90218-7