Historical perspective of african-based research on HIV-1 transmission through breastfeeding: the Malawi experience.

摘要: Transmission of HIV-1 from the mother to infant postnatally through breastfeeding remains an important concern in sub-Saharan Africa where is widely practiced. African women continue breastfeed despite risk transmitting HIV their infants for several reasons [1]: (a) encouraged by family members and has been culturally adopted generations postpartum women; (b) not raises suspicion community about status woman could potentially lead discrimination; (c) most nutritional source growing child; (d) readily available convenient provide whenever needed; (e) settings, substitutes breast milk are either expensive or safe use due lack water prepare these vehicles feeding can easily become contaminated. Additionally, strong global evidence exists showing that protects against diarrheal upper respiratory diseases [2–4]. Biologically, known contain well-documented protective factors [5–7]. In a pooled analysis data multiple countries, effects were greatest during early infancy declined with increasing age: death associated infectious among breastfed compared was 5.8 times higher first month, 4.1 2–3 months, 2.6 4–5 1.8 6–8 1.4 9–11 months age [8].