Effects of shelter housing on dogs' sensitivity to human social cues

摘要: Abstract Dogs are known to be skilled at using human social signals such as pointing a target, gaze, visual direction of attention, and facial emotional cues. Two nonmutually exclusive hypotheses have been proposed explain these abilities: the domestication hypothesis "Two-Stage" hypothesis. One way test Two-Stage is compare subpopulations dogs with different histories humans. For example, abilities pet dogs, who live in homes developed strong affiliative bonds humans, can compared those shelter isolation deprived extended contact Here, we review extant literature on studies comparing 2 identical protocols. Pet perform better than following estimating humans' attentional state or attention. Shelter seem more socially driven gaze interact humans dogs. dogs' impoverished best candidate explanation for results. We summarize survey results highlighting importance life experience learning determining use cues argue that may learned not respond useful them lost some previously acquired skills due lack exposure Finally, encourage further research adds both our theoretical practical understanding impaired cues, its link effect experiences.