Endoscopic Perforation and Complications of BCG Therapy

摘要: Minimally invasive and organ-sparing treatments for benign malignant conditions have improved therapeutic outcomes quality of life, but unique adverse events are associated with these interventions. The endoscopic treatment bladder cancer may cause morbidity as a result disease progression, intraoperative complications, side effects therapy. Acute bleeding ureteral obstruction owing to tumor progression or therapy reviewed elsewhere in this book (Chapters 13 18). Bladder perforation during transurethral resection can lead dissemination, abdominal distension, permanent fibrosis. During percutaneous upper urinary tract surgery, injury the colon, duodenum, lung great vessels life-threatening infection, pulmonary compromise, exsanguination. Systemic infection bacillus calmette geurin (BCG) course immunotherapy urotehlial cancer, although rare, fatal sepsis if not promptly recognized aggressively treated.