Laboratory selection, resistance risk assessment, multi-resistance, and management of Tetranychus urticae Koch to bifenthrin, bifenazate and cyflumetofen on cowpea.
作者： Zhenxiu Liu , Lijuan Zhou , Qiang Yao , Yaqian Liu , Xiaoyang Bi
DOI: 10.1002/PS.5723
关键词:
摘要: Background Tetranychus urticae (T. urticae) Koch is an important pest of vegetable crops worldwide. In this study, bioassays were carried out to analyze the resistance risk, multi-resistance and management T. bifenthrin, bifenazate cyflumetofen on cowpea. Results The ratios adult population bifenthrin (G16), (G12) 31.29, 9.38 5.81, respectively. Realized heritability (h 2 ) analysis showed that, under a selection pressure 50-90% mortality, generations needed increase 10-fold LC50 values 3.64-8.05, 5.75-12.71, 10.93-24.15, No obvious among these three acaricides was observed. Synergist bioassay results that microsomal multifunctional oxidase (MFO) involved in urticae, with synergistic ratio 22.38. However, MFO GSTs not main factors conferring bifenazate. MFO, glutathione S-transferases(GSTs), together esterase contributed development cyflumetofen. Additionally, toxicity index test safe natural enemy Neoseiulus barkeri (N. barkeri) (TSI) >484.85, while least (TSI = 0.92). Conclusions These demonstrated developed higher risk compared no acaricides, providing guidance for designing appropriate strategies effective application field delaying insecticide resistance. © 2019 Society Chemical Industry.
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