摘要: Patients with chronic kidney disease and patients on renal replacement therapy, such as hemodialysis peritoneal dialysis, have an increased susceptibility to infectious diseases compared healthy subjects (Sarnak & Jaber 2000; Allon et al. 2003). Infection is also the second most common cause of morbidity mortality in end-stage (Bloembergen Port 1996; Powe 1999; Graff 2002). One contributing factor could be inflammatory activation seen which causes a refractoriness leukocytes when confronted invading microorganisms.