Patronage and Politics

摘要: Patronage helps to explain the strength and cohesion of organizations states as well their weakness failure. It is responsible for flawed transition democratic rule, it may also aid transition; just points similarities between North South, East West, difference non-western societies folly attempts shape them in West’s image. Yet despite broadening its meaning encompass ambiguous often constructive behaviour, patronage has remained a discrete phenomenon. not unique developing or certain historical periods. Nor entirely incompatible with upper reaches Weberian bureaucracy. But distinct from other social relationships formal, programmatic politics. unequal (whereas are equal); vertically aligned arranged horizontally); describes more instrumental, personalistic, self-centered behaviour affective collective, formal bureaucracies governed by rules process); unequal, preferential instrumental attributes persist even when takes on ‘new’ less traditional forms. As such, term retained analytical value.