The Relative Importance of Clouds and Sea Ice for the Solar Energy Budget of the Southern Ocean

摘要: Abstract The effects of clouds and sea ice on the solar radiation budget are determined for Southern Ocean around Antarctica between latitudes 50° 80°S. Distributions cloud optical depth used, together with distributions surface albedo, to estimate geographical seasonal variations shortwave irradiance radiative forcing at surface, both present climate altered conditions. Poleward 68°S in spring, causes a greater reduction energy input than does cloud. However, summer more important all Ocean. In optically thicker over open water ice, suggesting possible negative feedback if area shrinks climatic warming. Compared removing results an increase reaching ocean regardless type remaining. However,...