Differential wing polyphenism adaptation across life stages under extreme high temperatures in corn leaf aphid.

摘要: Polyphenism, a common phenomenon in nature, is an important form of adaptation diverse environment. Corn leaf aphid (CLA), Rhopalosiphum maidis, (Hemiptera: Aphididae), exhibit wing polyphenism response to poor habitat quality. In this study, we focused on the effects crowding and thermal cues morph determination CLA. Five developmental stages aphids (1st 4th nymphs maternal adults) with increased population densities, were tested under two kinds temperature patterns, i.e., A) constant 22 °C 2 h exposure high range 35 39 °C during mid-photophase B) different temperatures 22–30 °C mid-photophase. Crowding was found directly impact winged induction. The 1st 2nd more sensitive for alate morphs induction density. addition, played significant role production, setting 26/39 °C pattern B inducing higher survival than other settings. Therefore, hypothesize that warmer climate brief favourable but cool weather transient extreme (>39 °C) detrimental Our results provide new perspective understanding interactions between changes insect densities differentially affect polymorphism further demographic distribution rates species across temporal spatial scales.