Comparing the Health Risks and Benefits of Contraceptive Choices

摘要: Simulation models were used to compare the health consequences of birth control methods currently relied on by American women with those using no method. The incidence morbidity and mortality related unintended pregnancies, live births, abortions, upper genital tract infections, tubal infertility, cardiovascular disease reproductive cancers estimated for hypothetical cohorts 100,000 aged 15-44. Women who never use any method have an abortion would average 18 births during their lifetime, compared more than five among available methods. Consequently, prevents deaths from pregnancy childbirth are associated use. proportion become infertile--estimated taking into account likelihood developing infections probability that pregnancies occurred be ectopic--is reduced substantially if at low risk sexually transmitted diseases high oral contraceptives or barrier spermicide Oral contraceptive has a relatively small, independent effect diseases, but it greatly augments in combination smoking increased age. When ovarian, endometrial breast considered together, there will approximately 110 fewer diagnoses these three per ever-users pill 15-54 never-users; furthermore, prior age 45, experience 10 ovarian never-users pill.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)