Pancreatic cancer stem cell markers and exosomes - the incentive push

摘要: Pancreatic cancer (PaCa) has the highest death rate and incidence is increasing. Poor prognosis due to late diagnosis early metastatic spread, which ascribed a minor population of so called stem cells (CSC) within mass primary tumor. CSC are defined by biological features, they share with adult like longevity, rare cell division, capacity for self renewal, differentiation, drug resistance requirement niche. can also be identified sets markers, pancreatic (Pa-CSC) include CD44v6, c-Met, Tspan8, alpha6beta4, CXCR4, CD133, EpCAM claudin7. The functional relevance markers still disputed. We hypothesize that Pa-CSC play decisive role in tumor progression. This fostered location glycolipid-enriched membrane domains, function as signaling platform support connectivity individual markers. Outside-in supports apoptosis resistance, gene expression suppressor repression well miRNA transcription silencing. contribute motility invasiveness. By ligand binding host triggered towards creating milieu supporting maintenance. Furthermore, generation, loading delivery exosomes, whereby gain cell-cell contact independent crosstalk neighboring non-CSC. allows exosomes (TEX) reprogram non-CSC epithelial mesenchymal transition stimulate preparing niche metastasizing cells. Finally, TEX communicate matrix motility, invasion homing. will discuss possibility initial trigger these processes what special contribution CSC-TEX.